Abstract Sex education is one of the most controversial and divisive topics in modern education, and therefore the least popular area of pedagogy. Despite the general liberalisation of sexual attitudes, resistance to sex education has grown as the century has progressed. It has remained a homeless topic even in the present because neither student nor teacher education in Hungary today reaches the minimum level that would support the preparation of students for adult life and harmonious relationships at an adequate level and in an appropriate method. There is always a quick and unfinished 'fire-fighting', either because of the new HPV vaccination campaign or because of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, just as was done in the past with syphilis. In this paper, we look at some of the sources and data of the conceptual change in sex education in and out of school around the regime change. Kulcsszavak: politikai változás, szexedukáció, szexualpedagógia, NAT, NGO és GO szerepe