Secondary abiotic (SAB) IL-10/ mice constitute a valuable Campylobacter jejuni-induced enterocolitis model. Given that the host-specific gut microbiota plays a key role in susceptibility of the vertebrate host towards or resistance against enteropathogenic infection, we surveyed immunopathological sequelae of C. jejuni infection in human microbiota associated (hma) and SAB IL-10/ mice. Following oral challenge, C. jejuni readily colonized the gastrointestinal tract of hma and SAB mice, but with lower numbers in the former versus the latter. Whereas hma mice were clinically less severely compromised, both, macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae of C. jejuni infection including histopathological and apoptotic cell responses in the colon of IL-10/ mice were comparably pronounced in the presence and absence of a human gut microbiota at day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, C. jejuni infection of hma and SAB mice resulted in similarly enhanced immune cell responses in the colon and in differential pro-inflammatory mediator secretion in the intestinal tract, which also held true for extraintestinal including systemic compartments. Notably, C. jeuni infection of hma mice was associated with distinct gut microbiota shifts. In conclusion, hma IL-10/ mice represent a reliable C. jejuniinduced enterocolitis model to dissect the interactions of the enteropathogen, vertebrate host immunity and human gut microbiota.  Kulcsszavak: Campylobacter jejuni, enteropathogenic infection, acute campylobacteriosis model, microbiota-depleted mice, secondary abiotic IL-10/ mice, human gut microbiota associated IL-10/ mice, host-pathogen interaction, gut microbiota shifts